Lumbar radiculopathy, often referred to as sciatica, occurs when a herniated lumbar disc or other structural issues compress nerve roots, producing sharp, shooting pain, tingling, or numbness down the leg. It accounts for approximately 90% of sciatica cases, particularly affecting people under age 50 who perform heavy lifting or repetitive motion tasks. Smoking, obesity, and prior back pain increase the risk.
Diagnosis relies on symptom pattern, physical exam (e.g., straight-leg raise test), and imaging to identify disc pathology.
Initial treatment involves conservative measures—NSAIDs, staying active rather than bed rest, physical therapy, and possibly epidural injections. New interventional techniques may be recommended by your pain physician. Most cases resolve in 6–12 weeks; surgical intervention is a last resort, used for persistent or severe symptoms.
